Romania currently reports an research & development by higher education, as percentage of gdp of 0.04%, which represents an increase of 0% (1.5%) from 2021.
Research & development by higher education, as percentage of GDP in Romania
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Higher Education R&D as percentage of GDP
More indicators for Romania
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.24%
-0%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
-8.73%
-29.19%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
4,049.68M
+1,338.74M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
32.56%
-3.54%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
31,358.11M
+2,598.45M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
1,737.73M
+105.01M
(2021)
Romania Higher Education R&D as percentage of GDP between 1993 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D as percentage of GDP | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 0.04% | +0% |
| 2021 | 0.04% | +0% |
| 2020 | 0.04% | -0.01% |
| 2019 | 0.05% | -0% |
| 2018 | 0.05% | -0.01% |
| 2017 | 0.05% | -0% |
| 2016 | 0.06% | -0.03% |
| 2015 | 0.09% | +0.03% |
| 2014 | 0.06% | -0.02% |
| 2013 | 0.08% | -0.01% |
| 2012 | 0.09% | -0.02% |
| 2011 | 0.11% | -0% |
| 2010 | 0.11% | -0% |
| 2009 | 0.11% | -0.05% |
| 2008 | 0.16% | +0.04% |
| 2007 | 0.12% | +0.04% |
| 2006 | 0.08% | +0.02% |
| 2005 | 0.06% | +0.02% |
| 2004 | 0.04% | +0% |
| 2003 | 0.04% | -0.02% |
| 2002 | 0.06% | +0.01% |
| 2001 | 0.04% | +0% |
| 2000 | 0.04% | +0.02% |
| 1999 | 0.03% | +0.01% |
| 1998 | 0.02% | +0.01% |
| 1997 | 0.02% | -0.01% |
| 1996 | 0.02% | +0% |
| 1995 | 0.02% | +0.01% |
| 1994 | 0.01% | -0.01% |
| 1993 | 0.02% |