The research & development by business enterprise, total in current ppp $ in Iceland is now 5,276.80 million, marking a 680.47 million (14.8%) increase compared to 2021.
            
            
        Research & development by business enterprise, total in current PPP $ in Iceland
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        R&D costs in current PPP $
                                    6,812.20M
                                    
                                        +704.22M
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            Government R&D  personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
                                    1.57%
                                    
                                        +0.01%
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            Higher Education R&D women researchers %
                                    51.36%
                                    
                                        -1.71%
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Non-profit R&D growth rate
                                    -3.2%
                                    
                                        -2.63%
                                    
                                    (2009)
                                
                            Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    154,963.49M
                                    
                                        -25,404.12M
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    2,060.04M
                                    
                                        +1,392.46M
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            
            Iceland Business R&D total in current PPP $ between 1981 and 2022
        
        | Period | Value | Change | 
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 5,276.80M | +680.47M | 
| 2021 | 4,596.33M | +1,148.11M | 
| 2020 | 3,448.22M | -60.86M | 
| 2019 | 3,509.08M | +912.31M | 
| 2018 | 2,596.78M | +35.51M | 
| 2017 | 2,561.27M | +122.61M | 
| 2016 | 2,438.65M | +95.66M | 
| 2015 | 2,343.00M | +562.46M | 
| 2014 | 1,780.54M | +421.70M | 
| 2013 | 1,358.84M | -309.15M | 
| 2011 | 1,667.99M | +61.03M | 
| 2010 | 1,606.96M | -135.64M | 
| 2009 | 1,742.60M | -123.59M | 
| 2008 | 1,866.19M | +80.35M | 
| 2007 | 1,785.84M | -44.38M | 
| 2006 | 1,830.21M | +301.42M | 
| 2005 | 1,528.80M | +203.03M | 
| 2003 | 1,325.77M | -187.10M | 
| 2002 | 1,512.86M | -6.28M | 
| 2001 | 1,519.14M | +305.06M | 
| 2000 | 1,214.08M | +358.92M | 
| 1999 | 855.16M | +292.98M | 
| 1998 | 562.17M | +30.40M | 
| 1997 | 531.77M | +223.84M | 
| 1995 | 307.94M | +44.21M | 
| 1994 | 263.73M | +22.88M | 
| 1993 | 240.85M | +77.41M | 
| 1992 | 163.44M | +21.01M | 
| 1991 | 142.43M | +38.41M | 
| 1990 | 104.02M | +3.35M | 
| 1989 | 100.67M | +41.35M | 
| 1987 | 59.32M | +13.72M | 
| 1985 | 45.60M | +4.81M | 
| 1983 | 40.79M | +21.03M | 
| 1981 | 19.76M | 
