In Estonia, the research & development by higher education, total in constant ppp $ stands at 2,809.66 million currently, a decrease of 44.43 million (-1.6%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by higher education, total in constant PPP $ in Estonia
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Higher Education R&D in constant PPP $
More indicators for Estonia
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
1.06%
+0.06%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
-45.86%
-26.71%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
187.84M
-34.36M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
24.95%
-1.85%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
9,225.17M
+1,128.55M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
53.01M
-19.99M
(2021)
Estonia Higher Education R&D in constant PPP $ between 1995 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D in constant PPP $ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 2,809.66M | -44.43M |
| 2021 | 2,854.09M | +217.82M |
| 2020 | 2,636.27M | +50.94M |
| 2019 | 2,585.32M | -144.52M |
| 2018 | 2,729.84M | +610.56M |
| 2017 | 2,119.28M | +370.81M |
| 2016 | 1,748.47M | -580.86M |
| 2015 | 2,329.33M | -57.62M |
| 2014 | 2,386.95M | -280.92M |
| 2013 | 2,667.87M | +206.45M |
| 2012 | 2,461.42M | +220.50M |
| 2011 | 2,240.92M | +285.39M |
| 2010 | 1,955.54M | +83.88M |
| 2009 | 1,871.66M | -129.75M |
| 2008 | 2,001.41M | +264.66M |
| 2007 | 1,736.75M | +87.95M |
| 2006 | 1,648.80M | +386.18M |
| 2005 | 1,262.62M | +95.38M |
| 2004 | 1,167.23M | +140.64M |
| 2003 | 1,026.59M | +126.61M |
| 2002 | 899.98M | +27.31M |
| 2001 | 872.67M | +138.99M |
| 2000 | 733.68M | -1.48M |
| 1999 | 735.16M | +61.30M |
| 1998 | 673.86M | +46.18M |
| 1997 | 627.68M | +304.01M |
| 1996 | 323.67M | +52.22M |
| 1995 | 271.46M |