In Estonia, the current research & development by higher education, growth rate is -1.56%, which reflects a decrease of 9.82% (-118.8%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by higher education, growth rate in Estonia
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Higher Education R&D growth rate
More indicators for Estonia
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
1.06%
+0.06%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
-45.86%
-26.71%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
187.84M
-34.36M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
24.95%
-1.85%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
9,225.17M
+1,128.55M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
53.01M
-19.99M
(2021)
Estonia Higher Education R&D growth rate between 1996 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D growth rate | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | -1.56% | -9.82% |
| 2021 | 8.26% | +6.29% |
| 2020 | 1.97% | +7.26% |
| 2019 | -5.29% | -34.1% |
| 2018 | 28.81% | +7.6% |
| 2017 | 21.21% | +46.14% |
| 2016 | -24.94% | -22.52% |
| 2015 | -2.41% | +8.12% |
| 2014 | -10.53% | -18.92% |
| 2013 | 8.39% | -1.45% |
| 2012 | 9.84% | -4.75% |
| 2011 | 14.59% | +10.11% |
| 2010 | 4.48% | +10.96% |
| 2009 | -6.48% | -21.72% |
| 2008 | 15.24% | +9.91% |
| 2007 | 5.33% | -25.25% |
| 2006 | 30.59% | +22.41% |
| 2005 | 8.17% | -5.53% |
| 2004 | 13.7% | -0.37% |
| 2003 | 14.07% | +10.94% |
| 2002 | 3.13% | -15.82% |
| 2001 | 18.94% | +19.15% |
| 2000 | -0.2% | -9.3% |
| 1999 | 9.1% | +1.74% |
| 1998 | 7.36% | -86.57% |
| 1997 | 93.92% | +74.69% |
| 1996 | 19.24% |