2020 saw a research & development by business enterprise, financed by higher education in constant ppp $ of 189.49 million in Poland, a decrease of 63.62 million (-25.1%).
Research & development by business enterprise, financed by higher Education in constant PPP $ in Poland
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Business R&D financed by higher Education in constant PPP $
More indicators for Poland
Non-profit R&D growth rate
1.18%
+8.51%
(2022)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
938.25M
+346.95M
(2021)
R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
30,791.22M
+7,537.32M
(2021)
Higher Education R&D women researchers %
46.83%
+0.33%
(2021)
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.71%
+0.02%
(2021)
Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by general university in local currency
60,574.85M
+13,304.51M
(2021)
Poland Business R&D financed by higher Education in constant PPP $ between 1994 and 2021
| Period | Business R&D financed by higher Education in constant PPP $ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 189.49M | -63.62M |
| 2020 | 253.11M | +170.27M |
| 2019 | 82.84M | +25.61M |
| 2018 | 57.23M | -26.76M |
| 2017 | 83.99M | +18.33M |
| 2016 | 65.66M | -0.62M |
| 2015 | 66.28M | +18.64M |
| 2014 | 47.64M | +25.15M |
| 2013 | 22.49M | -18.54M |
| 2012 | 41.03M | -0.91M |
| 2011 | 41.95M | +27.33M |
| 2010 | 14.62M | +4.10M |
| 2009 | 10.52M | -3.61M |
| 2008 | 14.13M | +3.18M |
| 2007 | 10.95M | -2.20M |
| 2006 | 13.15M | +3.29M |
| 2005 | 9.85M | -5.31M |
| 2004 | 15.16M | -9.83M |
| 2003 | 24.99M | -0.96M |
| 2002 | 25.95M | -1.26M |
| 2001 | 27.21M | +8.77M |
| 2000 | 18.44M | +3.12M |
| 1999 | 15.31M | -0.04M |
| 1998 | 15.35M | -8.71M |
| 1997 | 24.07M | +6.97M |
| 1996 | 17.10M | -7.10M |
| 1995 | 24.20M | +5.27M |
| 1994 | 18.93M |