The present research & development by higher education, growth rate in Poland is -1.03%, a decrease of 10.58% (-110.8%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by higher education, growth rate in Poland
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Higher Education R&D growth rate
More indicators for Poland
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.71%
+0.02%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
1.18%
+8.51%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
18,960.22M
+4,066.30M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
24.1%
+0.88%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
184,672.20M
+23,990.85M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
938.25M
+346.95M
(2021)
Poland Higher Education R&D growth rate between 1993 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D growth rate | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | -1.03% | -10.58% |
| 2021 | 9.55% | +8.78% |
| 2020 | 0.77% | -28.05% |
| 2019 | 28.82% | +10.22% |
| 2018 | 18.6% | +0.53% |
| 2017 | 18.07% | +10.2% |
| 2016 | 7.87% | -1.31% |
| 2015 | 9.18% | -2.02% |
| 2014 | 11.2% | +25.99% |
| 2013 | -14.79% | -32.65% |
| 2012 | 17.85% | +15.16% |
| 2011 | 2.69% | -10.77% |
| 2010 | 13.47% | -11.47% |
| 2009 | 24.94% | +14.65% |
| 2008 | 10.29% | -9.12% |
| 2007 | 19.41% | +17.39% |
| 2006 | 2.02% | -2.17% |
| 2005 | 4.19% | -4.4% |
| 2004 | 8.59% | +15.03% |
| 2003 | -6.44% | -1.15% |
| 2002 | -5.29% | -7.24% |
| 2001 | 1.94% | -9.89% |
| 2000 | 11.84% | +3.38% |
| 1999 | 8.46% | +4.83% |
| 1998 | 3.63% | -6.49% |
| 1997 | 10.12% | -6.02% |
| 1996 | 16.14% | +8.43% |
| 1995 | 7.7% | -3.37% |
| 1994 | 11.08% | +8.89% |
| 1993 | 2.19% |