In Romania, the research & development by higher education, total in constant ppp $ 2017 index stands at 528, reflecting an increase of 28 (5.7%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by higher education, total in constant PPP $ 2017 index in Romania
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Higher Education R&D in constant PPP $ 2017 index
More indicators for Romania
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.24%
-0%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
-8.73%
-29.19%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
4,049.68M
+1,338.74M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
32.56%
-3.54%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
31,358.11M
+2,598.45M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
1,737.73M
+105.01M
(2021)
Romania Higher Education R&D in constant PPP $ 2017 index between 1993 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D in constant PPP $ 2017 index | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 528 | +28 |
| 2021 | 499 | +55 |
| 2020 | 444 | -106 |
| 2019 | 550 | +19 |
| 2018 | 532 | -23 |
| 2017 | 554 | +29 |
| 2016 | 525 | -261 |
| 2015 | 786 | +266 |
| 2014 | 521 | -141 |
| 2013 | 662 | -121 |
| 2012 | 782 | -131 |
| 2011 | 913 | +32 |
| 2010 | 881 | -39 |
| 2009 | 920 | -493 |
| 2008 | 1,413 | +413 |
| 2007 | 1,000 | +388 |
| 2006 | 612 | +217 |
| 2005 | 395 | +132 |
| 2004 | 263 | +36 |
| 2003 | 227 | -121 |
| 2002 | 348 | +100 |
| 2001 | 248 | +19 |
| 2000 | 229 | +84 |
| 1999 | 146 | +28 |
| 1998 | 118 | +31 |
| 1997 | 87 | -39 |
| 1996 | 126 | +22 |
| 1995 | 104 | +34 |
| 1994 | 70 | -29 |
| 1993 | 98 |