Spain has observed a 0.01% (2.5%) increase in the research & development by business enterprise, experimental development expenditure as percentage of gdp, which now stands at 0.44%.
Research & development by business enterprise, experimental development expenditure as percentage of GDP in Spain
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R&D costs in current PPP $
270,446.74M
+28,295.78M
(2021)
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.89%
-0.01%
(2021)
Higher Education R&D women researchers %
44.03%
+0.24%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
15.25%
-3.51%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
6,827.05M
+637.05M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
2,777.25M
-132.75M
(2021)
Spain Business R&D experimental development expenditure as percentage of GDP between 2013 and 2021
| Period | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 0.44% | +0.01% |
| 2020 | 0.43% | +0.02% |
| 2019 | 0.42% | -0.05% |
| 2018 | 0.47% | +0.02% |
| 2017 | 0.45% | +0.01% |
| 2016 | 0.44% | -0.01% |
| 2015 | 0.45% | -0% |
| 2014 | 0.46% | -0% |
| 2013 | 0.46% |