Presently, the research & development by business enterprise, total in constant ppp $ 2017 index in Spain stands at 1,256, an increase of 93 (8.0%) since 2021.
Research & development by business enterprise, total in constant PPP $ 2017 index in Spain
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Business R&D total in constant PPP $ 2017 index
More indicators for Spain
R&D costs in current PPP $
270,446.74M
+28,295.78M
(2021)
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.89%
-0.01%
(2021)
Higher Education R&D women researchers %
44.03%
+0.24%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
15.25%
-3.51%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
6,827.05M
+637.05M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
2,777.25M
-132.75M
(2021)
Spain Business R&D total in constant PPP $ 2017 index between 1981 and 2022
| Period | Business R&D total in constant PPP $ 2017 index | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 1,256 | +93 |
| 2021 | 1,164 | +84 |
| 2020 | 1,080 | -9 |
| 2019 | 1,089 | +22 |
| 2018 | 1,067 | +78 |
| 2017 | 989 | +65 |
| 2016 | 924 | +24 |
| 2015 | 900 | +13 |
| 2014 | 887 | -14 |
| 2013 | 901 | -28 |
| 2012 | 929 | -38 |
| 2011 | 968 | -14 |
| 2010 | 982 | -10 |
| 2009 | 991 | -68 |
| 2008 | 1,059 | +59 |
| 2007 | 1,000 | +90 |
| 2006 | 910 | +119 |
| 2005 | 791 | +61 |
| 2004 | 731 | +37 |
| 2003 | 693 | +57 |
| 2002 | 637 | +86 |
| 2001 | 550 | +11 |
| 2000 | 539 | +68 |
| 1999 | 472 | +14 |
| 1998 | 457 | +81 |
| 1997 | 376 | +12 |
| 1996 | 364 | +18 |
| 1995 | 346 | +19 |
| 1994 | 327 | -26 |
| 1993 | 353 | -25 |
| 1992 | 378 | -19 |
| 1991 | 397 | +8 |
| 1990 | 389 | +65 |
| 1989 | 324 | +28 |
| 1988 | 296 | +53 |
| 1987 | 243 | +19 |
| 1986 | 225 | +31 |
| 1985 | 194 | +33 |
| 1984 | 160 | +19 |
| 1983 | 142 | -1 |
| 1982 | 142 | +28 |
| 1981 | 114 |