2021 saw a research & development by higher education, growth rate of 1.16% in France, a decrease of 2.45% (-68.0%).
Research & development by higher education, growth rate in France
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Higher Education R&D growth rate
More indicators for France
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
1.39%
+0%
(2019)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
-1.84%
-10.2%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
31,430.09M
+2,892.63M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
22.86%
+0.46%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
715,529.25M
+35,349.30M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
5,363.60M
-470.20M
(2021)
France Higher Education R&D growth rate between 1982 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D growth rate | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 1.16% | -2.45% |
| 2021 | 3.61% | +5.69% |
| 2020 | -2.07% | -1.99% |
| 2019 | -0.09% | -0.93% |
| 2018 | 0.84% | -0.83% |
| 2017 | 1.67% | +1.98% |
| 2016 | -0.31% | +6.72% |
| 2015 | -7.03% | -8.3% |
| 2013 | 1.28% | -0.08% |
| 2012 | 1.36% | +1.57% |
| 2011 | -0.21% | -4.36% |
| 2010 | 4.15% | -4.07% |
| 2009 | 8.23% | +3.33% |
| 2008 | 4.9% | +2.25% |
| 2007 | 2.65% | -1.82% |
| 2006 | 4.47% | +3.86% |
| 2005 | 0.61% | -0.29% |
| 2003 | 0.9% | -1.72% |
| 2002 | 2.62% | -2.38% |
| 2001 | 5.01% | +3.58% |
| 1999 | 1.43% | -0.76% |
| 1998 | 2.19% | +0.8% |
| 1996 | 1.39% | -2.76% |
| 1995 | 4.15% | +1.79% |
| 1994 | 2.36% | -2.21% |
| 1993 | 4.57% | +1.41% |
| 1992 | 3.16% | -1.57% |
| 1991 | 4.73% | +0.21% |
| 1990 | 4.52% | -2.73% |
| 1989 | 7.25% | +4.59% |
| 1988 | 2.65% | -1.59% |
| 1987 | 4.24% | +2.45% |
| 1986 | 1.78% | -0.52% |
| 1985 | 2.3% | -0.51% |
| 1984 | 2.81% | +0.25% |
| 1983 | 2.56% | -1.2% |
| 1982 | 3.76% |