In Spain, the current research & development by higher education, growth rate is 5.21%, which reflects a decrease of 1.12% (-17.7%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by higher education, growth rate in Spain
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Higher Education R&D growth rate
More indicators for Spain
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.89%
-0.01%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
15.25%
-3.51%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
6,827.05M
+637.05M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
31.06%
-0.19%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
270,446.74M
+28,295.78M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
2,777.25M
-132.75M
(2021)
Spain Higher Education R&D growth rate between 1982 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D growth rate | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 5.21% | -1.12% |
| 2021 | 6.34% | +6.01% |
| 2020 | 0.33% | -3.11% |
| 2019 | 3.44% | +1.12% |
| 2018 | 2.32% | -0.72% |
| 2017 | 3.04% | +4.85% |
| 2016 | -1.8% | -3.96% |
| 2015 | 2.16% | +3.06% |
| 2014 | -0.91% | +1.31% |
| 2013 | -2.22% | +4.83% |
| 2012 | -7.05% | -4.13% |
| 2011 | -2.92% | -4.36% |
| 2010 | 1.44% | -1.61% |
| 2009 | 3.05% | -6.24% |
| 2008 | 9.3% | +5.11% |
| 2007 | 4.18% | -1.93% |
| 2006 | 6.11% | -1.53% |
| 2005 | 7.63% | +5.59% |
| 2004 | 2.05% | -9.89% |
| 2003 | 11.94% | +5.05% |
| 2002 | 6.88% | -2.3% |
| 2001 | 9.18% | +0.23% |
| 2000 | 8.95% | +6.96% |
| 1999 | 1.99% | -4.12% |
| 1998 | 6.11% | +2.18% |
| 1997 | 3.93% | -1.72% |
| 1996 | 5.65% | +1.5% |
| 1995 | 4.15% | +8.57% |
| 1994 | -4.43% | -11.27% |
| 1993 | 6.84% | -8.01% |
| 1991 | 14.85% | -1.79% |
| 1990 | 16.65% | -0.4% |
| 1989 | 17.04% | -2.64% |
| 1988 | 19.69% | +7.62% |
| 1987 | 12.07% | +8.37% |
| 1986 | 3.7% | -1.38% |
| 1985 | 5.08% | +3.01% |
| 1984 | 2.07% | -0.8% |
| 1983 | 2.87% | -10.53% |
| 1982 | 13.41% |