The current research & development by business enterprise, financed by government in constant ppp $ of Turkey is 39,248.40 million, an increase of 16,276.50 million (70.9%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by business enterprise, financed by government in constant PPP $ in Turkey
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Business R&D financed by government in constant PPP $
Turkey Business R&D financed by government in constant PPP $ between 1991 and 2022
| Period | Business R&D financed by government in constant PPP $ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 39,248.40M | +16,276.50M |
| 2021 | 22,971.90M | +4,740.26M |
| 2020 | 18,231.63M | -468.72M |
| 2019 | 18,700.36M | +4,419.72M |
| 2018 | 14,280.63M | +3,385.61M |
| 2017 | 10,895.03M | +349.52M |
| 2016 | 10,545.51M | +1,131.33M |
| 2015 | 9,414.17M | +2,161.50M |
| 2014 | 7,252.67M | +1,248.88M |
| 2013 | 6,003.79M | +135.56M |
| 2012 | 5,868.23M | +985.06M |
| 2011 | 4,883.17M | -173.33M |
| 2010 | 5,056.50M | -1,403.52M |
| 2009 | 6,460.03M | +2,422.73M |
| 2008 | 4,037.29M | +252.35M |
| 2007 | 3,784.94M | +1,437.73M |
| 2006 | 2,347.22M | +730.16M |
| 2005 | 1,617.06M | +1,041.77M |
| 2004 | 575.29M | +88.98M |
| 2003 | 486.31M | +74.64M |
| 2002 | 411.67M | -113.37M |
| 2001 | 525.04M | -115.89M |
| 2000 | 640.93M | +397.44M |
| 1999 | 243.50M | +82.00M |
| 1998 | 161.50M | -51.76M |
| 1997 | 213.26M | +79.02M |
| 1996 | 134.23M | +47.26M |
| 1995 | 86.97M | +11.16M |
| 1994 | 75.81M | +68.19M |
| 1993 | 7.62M | +1.92M |
| 1992 | 5.69M | +4.75M |
| 1991 | 0.94M |