In Turkey, the research & development by business enterprise, financed by government in current ppp $ currently stands at 45,773.75 million, reflecting an increase of 22,680.54 million (98.2%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by business enterprise, financed by government in current PPP $ in Turkey
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Business R&D financed by government in current PPP $
Turkey Business R&D financed by government in current PPP $ between 1991 and 2022
| Period | Business R&D financed by government in current PPP $ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 45,773.75M | +22,680.54M |
| 2021 | 23,093.21M | +4,745.69M |
| 2020 | 18,347.52M | -491.62M |
| 2019 | 18,839.14M | +4,621.93M |
| 2018 | 14,217.21M | +3,235.35M |
| 2017 | 10,981.86M | +301.13M |
| 2016 | 10,680.73M | +1,266.56M |
| 2015 | 9,414.17M | +2,336.24M |
| 2014 | 7,077.93M | +1,447.57M |
| 2013 | 5,630.36M | +196.23M |
| 2012 | 5,434.13M | +990.77M |
| 2011 | 4,443.36M | -20.15M |
| 2010 | 4,463.51M | -958.56M |
| 2009 | 5,422.07M | +2,118.30M |
| 2008 | 3,303.77M | +445.81M |
| 2007 | 2,857.95M | +1,170.62M |
| 2006 | 1,687.33M | +615.34M |
| 2005 | 1,071.99M | +696.77M |
| 2004 | 375.22M | +71.78M |
| 2003 | 303.44M | +43.91M |
| 2002 | 259.53M | -83.29M |
| 2001 | 342.82M | -60.29M |
| 2000 | 403.11M | +256.15M |
| 1999 | 146.96M | +50.65M |
| 1998 | 96.32M | -72.16M |
| 1997 | 168.48M | +64.05M |
| 1996 | 104.43M | +37.89M |
| 1995 | 66.54M | +9.73M |
| 1994 | 56.81M | +51.22M |
| 1993 | 5.59M | +1.51M |
| 1992 | 4.08M | +3.42M |
| 1991 | 0.66M |