As of now, Turkey reports a research & development by business enterprise, computer, electronic and optical in local currency of 9,563.79 million, signifying an increase of 3,926.33 million (69.6%) from 2020.
Research & development by business enterprise, computer, electronic and optical in local currency in Turkey
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Business R&D computer, electronic and optical in local currency
More indicators for Turkey
Government R&D in security as % of government support
8.37%
+1.22%
(2021)
Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by general university in local currency
296,259.07M
+138,306.86M
(2022)
R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
26,425.12M
+10,976.51M
(2022)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
1,253.35M
+691.97M
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
17,924.29M
+7,818.67M
(2022)
Turkey Business R&D computer, electronic and optical in local currency between 1990 and 2021
| Period | Business R&D computer, electronic and optical in local currency | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 9,563.79M | +3,926.33M |
| 2020 | 5,637.45M | +791.95M |
| 2019 | 4,845.50M | +850.51M |
| 2018 | 3,994.99M | +1,167.31M |
| 2017 | 2,827.68M | +622.94M |
| 2016 | 2,204.75M | +744.02M |
| 2015 | 1,460.73M | +1,198.84M |
| 2014 | 261.90M | -20.60M |
| 2013 | 282.50M | +82.06M |
| 2012 | 200.44M | +51.92M |
| 2011 | 148.52M | +26.09M |
| 2010 | 122.43M | -326.22M |
| 2009 | 448.65M | +25.60M |
| 2008 | 423.05M | +61.47M |
| 2007 | 361.58M | +107.59M |
| 2006 | 253.99M | +20.93M |
| 2005 | 233.06M | +98.53M |
| 2004 | 134.53M | +31.06M |
| 2003 | 103.47M | -33.83M |
| 2002 | 137.31M | +55.72M |
| 2001 | 81.59M | +28.66M |
| 2000 | 52.93M | +28.51M |
| 1999 | 24.42M | +11.27M |
| 1998 | 13.15M | +5.34M |
| 1997 | 7.81M | +2.64M |
| 1996 | 5.17M | +2.56M |
| 1995 | 2.61M | +1.28M |
| 1994 | 1.33M | +0.64M |
| 1993 | 0.69M | +0.30M |
| 1992 | 0.39M | +0.18M |
| 1991 | 0.21M | +0.14M |
| 1990 | 0.07M |