The current research & development by business enterprise, manufacturing in local currency of Turkey is 35,612.66 million, an increase of 13,520.78 million (61.2%) compared to 2020.
Research & development by business enterprise, manufacturing in local currency in Turkey
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Business R&D manufacturing in local currency
More indicators for Turkey
Government R&D in security as % of government support
8.37%
+1.22%
(2021)
Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by general university in local currency
296,259.07M
+138,306.86M
(2022)
R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
26,425.12M
+10,976.51M
(2022)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
1,253.35M
+691.97M
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
17,924.29M
+7,818.67M
(2022)
Turkey Business R&D manufacturing in local currency between 1990 and 2021
| Period | Business R&D manufacturing in local currency | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 35,612.66M | +13,520.78M |
| 2020 | 22,091.88M | +2,665.33M |
| 2019 | 19,426.55M | +4,492.45M |
| 2018 | 14,934.11M | +4,157.83M |
| 2017 | 10,776.28M | +2,289.46M |
| 2016 | 8,486.81M | +1,843.01M |
| 2015 | 6,643.80M | +2,102.65M |
| 2014 | 4,541.15M | +930.47M |
| 2013 | 3,610.68M | +486.52M |
| 2012 | 3,124.16M | +554.68M |
| 2011 | 2,569.48M | +534.10M |
| 2010 | 2,035.38M | +20.74M |
| 2009 | 2,014.64M | -50.73M |
| 2008 | 2,065.37M | +266.13M |
| 2007 | 1,799.23M | +567.34M |
| 2006 | 1,231.89M | +239.51M |
| 2005 | 992.38M | +378.67M |
| 2004 | 613.71M | +171.56M |
| 2003 | 442.15M | -20.11M |
| 2002 | 462.26M | +87.32M |
| 2001 | 374.94M | +148.97M |
| 2000 | 225.98M | +63.32M |
| 1999 | 162.65M | +94.34M |
| 1998 | 68.31M | +32.07M |
| 1997 | 36.24M | +20.29M |
| 1996 | 15.95M | +9.69M |
| 1995 | 6.26M | +3.16M |
| 1994 | 3.10M | +1.36M |
| 1993 | 1.74M | +0.62M |
| 1992 | 1.12M | +0.50M |
| 1991 | 0.62M | +0.38M |
| 1990 | 0.24M |