The current research & development by business enterprise, financed by higher education in current ppp $ of Turkey is 84.82 million, this is a decrease of 30.16 million (-26.2%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by business enterprise, financed by higher Education in current PPP $ in Turkey
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Business R&D financed by higher Education in current PPP $
Turkey Business R&D financed by higher Education in current PPP $ between 1992 and 2022
| Period | Business R&D financed by higher Education in current PPP $ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 84.82M | -30.16M |
| 2021 | 114.98M | -89.22M |
| 2020 | 204.20M | +153.33M |
| 2019 | 50.86M | -182.38M |
| 2018 | 233.24M | -99.64M |
| 2017 | 332.88M | +198.47M |
| 2016 | 134.41M | +9.53M |
| 2015 | 124.88M | +52.89M |
| 2014 | 71.99M | -59.27M |
| 2013 | 131.25M | +11.27M |
| 2012 | 119.99M | +79.50M |
| 2011 | 40.49M | -43.00M |
| 2010 | 83.49M | +20.54M |
| 2009 | 62.95M | +37.86M |
| 2008 | 25.09M | -58.75M |
| 2007 | 83.85M | -110.30M |
| 2006 | 194.15M | -120.48M |
| 2005 | 314.63M | +244.92M |
| 2004 | 69.71M | +18.11M |
| 2003 | 51.59M | -48.11M |
| 2002 | 99.70M | +36.98M |
| 2001 | 62.72M | -70.22M |
| 2000 | 132.94M | +93.99M |
| 1999 | 38.94M | -38.89M |
| 1998 | 77.84M | -85.57M |
| 1997 | 163.41M | +128.38M |
| 1996 | 35.03M | -21.31M |
| 1995 | 56.35M | -12.02M |
| 1994 | 68.37M | +38.17M |
| 1993 | 30.20M | +25.98M |
| 1992 | 4.22M |