The research & development by business enterprise, researchers full time equivalent in Turkey currently stands at 1,327,540, which is 197,920 (17.5%) higher than 2021.
            
            
        Research & development by business enterprise, researchers full time equivalent in Turkey
            No matching regions
        
        
    
            More indicators for Turkey
            
        
        R&D costs in current PPP $
                                    395,356.12M
                                    
                                        +52,065.97M
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            Government R&D  personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
                                    0.63%
                                    
                                        -0.06%
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            Higher Education R&D women researchers %
                                    46.41%
                                    
                                        +0.51%
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    17,924.29M
                                    
                                        +7,818.67M
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    1,253.35M
                                    
                                        +691.97M
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            
            Turkey Business R&D researchers FTE between 1990 and 2022
        
        | Period | Value | Change | 
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 1,327,540 | +197,920 | 
| 2021 | 1,129,620 | +157,570 | 
| 2020 | 972,050 | +134,990 | 
| 2019 | 837,060 | +83,980 | 
| 2018 | 753,080 | +130,030 | 
| 2017 | 623,050 | +98,420 | 
| 2016 | 524,630 | +71,500 | 
| 2015 | 453,130 | +34,657 | 
| 2014 | 418,473 | +16,406 | 
| 2013 | 402,067 | +51,726 | 
| 2012 | 350,341 | +46,300 | 
| 2011 | 304,041 | +50,624 | 
| 2010 | 253,417 | +43,228 | 
| 2009 | 210,189 | +29,934 | 
| 2008 | 180,255 | +27,329 | 
| 2007 | 152,926 | +40,509 | 
| 2006 | 112,417 | +17,858 | 
| 2005 | 94,559 | +40,835 | 
| 2004 | 53,724 | +5,844 | 
| 2003 | 47,880 | +10,910 | 
| 2002 | 36,970 | +3,050 | 
| 2001 | 33,920 | -3,100 | 
| 2000 | 37,020 | +4,550 | 
| 1999 | 32,470 | +1,770 | 
| 1998 | 30,700 | -1,620 | 
| 1997 | 32,320 | +7,830 | 
| 1996 | 24,490 | +2,380 | 
| 1995 | 22,110 | +2,190 | 
| 1994 | 19,920 | +3,790 | 
| 1993 | 16,130 | +1,170 | 
| 1992 | 14,960 | +2,160 | 
| 1991 | 12,800 | +1,120 | 
| 1990 | 11,680 | 
