145,644.09 million is the present research & development by higher education, total in current ppp $ value in Turkey, reflecting an increase of 18,134.40 million (14.2%) since 2021.
Research & development by higher education, total in current PPP $ in Turkey
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Higher Education R&D in current PPP $
More indicators for Turkey
Turkey Higher Education R&D in current PPP $ between 1990 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D in current PPP $ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 145,644.09M | +18,134.40M |
| 2021 | 127,509.70M | +483.79M |
| 2020 | 127,025.91M | +7,314.22M |
| 2019 | 119,711.70M | +3,849.46M |
| 2018 | 115,862.23M | +3,227.93M |
| 2017 | 112,634.31M | +11,973.34M |
| 2016 | 100,660.96M | +19,768.79M |
| 2015 | 80,892.17M | +16,313.89M |
| 2014 | 64,578.28M | +6,348.40M |
| 2013 | 58,229.88M | +2,005.04M |
| 2012 | 56,224.84M | +3,714.99M |
| 2011 | 52,509.85M | +6,185.64M |
| 2010 | 46,324.21M | +3,925.08M |
| 2009 | 42,399.13M | +8,069.19M |
| 2008 | 34,329.93M | -152.43M |
| 2007 | 34,482.37M | +7,671.24M |
| 2006 | 26,811.13M | +1,712.70M |
| 2005 | 25,098.43M | +274.52M |
| 2004 | 24,823.91M | +5,035.71M |
| 2003 | 19,788.20M | -254.67M |
| 2002 | 20,042.86M | +1,704.83M |
| 2001 | 18,338.03M | +1,220.67M |
| 2000 | 17,117.36M | +3,353.55M |
| 1999 | 13,763.81M | +1,411.38M |
| 1998 | 12,352.43M | -2,290.46M |
| 1997 | 14,642.88M | +1,256.89M |
| 1996 | 13,385.99M | +1,884.03M |
| 1995 | 11,501.96M | +1,846.96M |
| 1994 | 9,655.00M | -2,680.05M |
| 1993 | 12,335.05M | -113.95M |
| 1992 | 12,448.99M | -540.71M |
| 1991 | 12,989.71M | +5,478.79M |
| 1990 | 7,510.92M |