The research & development, financed by business enterprise in constant ppp $ in Turkey has reached 221,152.56 million, which is a 35,610.01 million (19.2%) compared to 2022.
Research & development, financed by business enterprise in constant PPP $ in Turkey
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More indicators for Turkey
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
1,253.35M
+691.97M
(2022)
Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by general university in local currency
296,259.07M
+138,306.86M
(2022)
Government R&D in security as % of government support
8.37%
+1.22%
(2021)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
17,924.29M
+7,818.67M
(2022)
Business R&D services in local currency
25,967.37M
+10,005.86M
(2021)
Turkey R&D financed by business enterprise in constant PPP $ between 1990 and 2023
| Period | Value | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 221,152.56M | +35,610.01M |
| 2022 | 185,542.55M | -17,106.37M |
| 2021 | 202,648.91M | +41,391.03M |
| 2020 | 161,257.88M | +8,636.21M |
| 2019 | 152,621.67M | +13,544.28M |
| 2018 | 139,077.39M | +23,475.03M |
| 2017 | 115,602.37M | +14,812.49M |
| 2016 | 100,789.87M | +14,488.36M |
| 2015 | 86,301.52M | +12,401.96M |
| 2014 | 73,899.55M | +9,894.74M |
| 2013 | 64,004.82M | +7,177.14M |
| 2012 | 56,827.68M | +6,591.93M |
| 2011 | 50,235.74M | +6,691.65M |
| 2010 | 43,544.10M | +7,296.85M |
| 2009 | 36,247.25M | -2,146.46M |
| 2008 | 38,393.71M | -7,522.83M |
| 2007 | 45,916.54M | +12,437.86M |
| 2006 | 33,478.68M | +3,457.88M |
| 2005 | 30,020.80M | +8,757.06M |
| 2004 | 21,263.74M | +3,950.66M |
| 2003 | 17,313.08M | -3,100.53M |
| 2002 | 20,413.61M | -982.71M |
| 2001 | 21,396.32M | +2,049.07M |
| 2000 | 19,347.24M | +1,477.44M |
| 1999 | 17,869.80M | +3,627.94M |
| 1998 | 14,241.85M | +693.60M |
| 1997 | 13,548.25M | +3,362.81M |
| 1996 | 10,185.44M | +3,480.47M |
| 1995 | 6,704.96M | +328.75M |
| 1994 | 6,376.21M | -1,435.06M |
| 1993 | 7,811.27M | -854.92M |
| 1992 | 8,666.19M | +1,229.31M |
| 1991 | 7,436.87M | +3,081.43M |
| 1990 | 4,355.44M |