Turkey has observed a 441,363.49 million (79.5%) increase in the research & development, financed by business enterprise in local currency, which now stands at 996,621.25 million.
Research & development, financed by business enterprise in local currency in Turkey
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R&D financed by business enterprise in local currency
More indicators for Turkey
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
1,253.35M
+691.97M
(2022)
Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by general university in local currency
296,259.07M
+138,306.86M
(2022)
Government R&D in security as % of government support
8.37%
+1.22%
(2021)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
17,924.29M
+7,818.67M
(2022)
Turkey R&D financed by business enterprise in local currency between 1990 and 2022
| Period | R&D financed by business enterprise in local currency | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 996,621.25M | +441,363.49M |
| 2021 | 555,257.76M | +212,669.48M |
| 2020 | 342,588.28M | +60,122.27M |
| 2019 | 282,466.00M | +56,415.36M |
| 2018 | 226,050.65M | +64,784.11M |
| 2017 | 161,266.53M | +34,577.15M |
| 2016 | 126,689.39M | +26,367.98M |
| 2015 | 100,321.41M | +20,665.62M |
| 2014 | 79,655.79M | +15,412.72M |
| 2013 | 64,243.07M | +10,574.31M |
| 2012 | 53,668.76M | +9,503.73M |
| 2011 | 44,165.03M | +8,784.50M |
| 2010 | 35,380.53M | +7,857.98M |
| 2009 | 27,522.55M | -124.05M |
| 2008 | 27,646.60M | -1,862.36M |
| 2007 | 29,508.96M | +9,249.42M |
| 2006 | 20,259.53M | +3,649.88M |
| 2005 | 16,609.65M | +5,623.45M |
| 2004 | 10,986.20M | +3,029.93M |
| 2003 | 7,956.27M | +347.23M |
| 2002 | 7,609.04M | +1,811.95M |
| 2001 | 5,797.09M | +2,370.55M |
| 2000 | 3,426.54M | +1,307.60M |
| 1999 | 2,118.95M | +1,031.26M |
| 1998 | 1,087.69M | +494.97M |
| 1997 | 592.73M | +347.26M |
| 1996 | 245.46M | +154.60M |
| 1995 | 90.86M | +44.70M |
| 1994 | 46.16M | +18.77M |
| 1993 | 27.39M | +9.28M |
| 1992 | 18.11M | +8.62M |
| 1991 | 9.49M | +5.99M |
| 1990 | 3.50M |