The research & development by higher education, financed by government in local currency in Italy is now 50,202.50 million, marking a 4,008.22 million (8.7%) increase compared to 2020.
            
            
        Research & development by higher education, financed by government in local currency in Italy
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            More indicators for Italy
            
        
        R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    22,883.16M
                                    
                                        -5,358.99M
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Government R&D in security as % of government support
                                    0.51%
                                    
                                        +0.07%
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Business R&D services in local currency
                                    4,443.21M
                                    
                                        -191.52M
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    2,372.94M
                                    
                                        -83.30M
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    14,853.07M
                                    
                                        -5,054.20M
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Non-profit R&D growth rate
                                    0.64%
                                    
                                        -0.01%
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            
            Italy Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by government in local currency between 1981 and 2021
        
        | Period | Value | Change | 
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 50,202.50M | +4,008.22M | 
| 2020 | 46,194.28M | -956.53M | 
| 2019 | 47,150.81M | +1,152.00M | 
| 2018 | 45,998.81M | +1,158.04M | 
| 2017 | 44,840.77M | -4,796.46M | 
| 2016 | 49,637.23M | -497.77M | 
| 2015 | 50,135.00M | -1,458.18M | 
| 2014 | 51,593.18M | -1,070.82M | 
| 2013 | 52,664.00M | +1,198.00M | 
| 2012 | 51,466.00M | +626.00M | 
| 2011 | 50,840.00M | +105.00M | 
| 2010 | 50,735.00M | -1,300.00M | 
| 2009 | 52,035.00M | -68.00M | 
| 2008 | 52,103.00M | +2,183.00M | 
| 2007 | 49,920.00M | +4,344.00M | 
| 2006 | 45,576.00M | +1,027.00M | 
| 2005 | 44,549.00M | +19,740.06M | 
| 1996 | 24,808.94M | +2,886.86M | 
| 1995 | 21,922.07M | +485.78M | 
| 1994 | 21,436.29M | +222.23M | 
| 1993 | 21,214.07M | +1,963.74M | 
| 1992 | 19,250.32M | +780.30M | 
| 1991 | 18,470.02M | +866.04M | 
| 1990 | 17,603.98M | +3,052.69M | 
| 1989 | 14,551.29M | +937.92M | 
| 1988 | 13,613.38M | +1,583.60M | 
| 1987 | 12,029.77M | +1,840.08M | 
| 1986 | 10,189.69M | +1,330.72M | 
| 1985 | 8,858.97M | +1,830.28M | 
| 1984 | 7,028.69M | +1,073.49M | 
| 1983 | 5,955.20M | +1,392.20M | 
| 1982 | 4,562.99M | +953.50M | 
| 1981 | 3,609.50M | 
