In Italy, the research & development by government, financed by higher education and private non-profit in local currency is now 680.52 million, representing a decrease of 60.07 million (-8.1%) since 2020.
            
            
        Research & development by government, financed by higher education and private non-profit in local currency in Italy
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            More indicators for Italy
            
        
        Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    14,853.07M
                                    
                                        -5,054.20M
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
                                    22,883.16M
                                    
                                        -5,358.99M
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by general university in local currency
                                    41,060.76M
                                    
                                        +1,583.99M
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Non-profit R&D growth rate
                                    0.64%
                                    
                                        -0.01%
                                    
                                    (2022)
                                
                            Government R&D in security as % of government support
                                    0.51%
                                    
                                        +0.07%
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            Higher Education R&D women researchers %
                                    42.01%
                                    
                                        +0.32%
                                    
                                    (2021)
                                
                            
            Italy Government R&D financed by higher education in local currency between 1981 and 2021
        
        | Period | Value | Change | 
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 680.52M | -60.07M | 
| 2020 | 740.59M | -4.03M | 
| 2019 | 744.62M | -64.34M | 
| 2018 | 808.96M | -61.47M | 
| 2017 | 870.43M | +101.32M | 
| 2016 | 769.11M | -53.89M | 
| 2015 | 823.00M | +38.04M | 
| 2014 | 784.96M | +111.96M | 
| 2013 | 673.00M | +62.00M | 
| 2012 | 611.00M | -6.00M | 
| 2011 | 617.00M | -1.00M | 
| 2010 | 618.00M | -144.00M | 
| 2009 | 762.00M | -150.00M | 
| 2008 | 912.00M | +275.00M | 
| 2007 | 637.00M | +36.00M | 
| 2006 | 601.00M | -62.00M | 
| 2005 | 663.00M | -187.00M | 
| 2004 | 850.00M | +380.00M | 
| 2003 | 470.00M | -10.00M | 
| 2002 | 480.00M | -884.00M | 
| 2001 | 1,364.00M | +1,090.00M | 
| 2000 | 274.00M | -27.00M | 
| 1999 | 301.00M | +14.00M | 
| 1998 | 287.00M | -281.00M | 
| 1997 | 568.00M | +568.00M | 
| 1985 | 0.00M | 0.00M | 
| 1984 | 0.00M | 0.00M | 
| 1983 | 0.00M | 0.00M | 
| 1982 | 0.00M | 0.00M | 
| 1981 | 0.00M | 
