The current research & development by business enterprise, financed by higher education in local currency of Italy is 434.05 million, an increase of 189.42 million (77.4%) compared to 2020.
Research & development by business enterprise, financed by higher Education in local currency in Italy
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Business R&D financed by higher Education in local currency
More indicators for Italy
Non-profit R&D growth rate
0.64%
-0.01%
(2022)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
2,372.94M
-83.30M
(2021)
R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
22,883.16M
-5,358.99M
(2021)
Higher Education R&D women researchers %
42.01%
+0.32%
(2021)
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.95%
-0.08%
(2021)
Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by general university in local currency
41,060.76M
+1,583.99M
(2021)
Italy Business R&D financed by higher Education in local currency between 1981 and 2021
| Period | Business R&D financed by higher Education in local currency | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 434.05M | +189.42M |
| 2020 | 244.63M | +3.53M |
| 2019 | 241.10M | +23.17M |
| 2018 | 217.93M | +9.06M |
| 2017 | 208.87M | +13.65M |
| 2016 | 195.22M | -238.78M |
| 2015 | 434.00M | -8.53M |
| 2014 | 442.53M | +2.53M |
| 2013 | 440.00M | -1.00M |
| 2012 | 441.00M | +114.00M |
| 2011 | 327.00M | +110.00M |
| 2010 | 217.00M | -120.00M |
| 2009 | 337.00M | +96.00M |
| 2008 | 241.00M | +73.00M |
| 2007 | 168.00M | +81.00M |
| 2006 | 87.00M | +4.00M |
| 2005 | 83.00M | -7.00M |
| 2004 | 90.00M | -10.00M |
| 2003 | 100.00M | +20.00M |
| 2002 | 80.00M | -121.00M |
| 2001 | 201.00M | -6.00M |
| 2000 | 207.00M | +55.00M |
| 1999 | 152.00M | +44.00M |
| 1998 | 108.00M | -99.00M |
| 1997 | 207.00M | +207.00M |
| 1985 | 0.00M | 0.00M |
| 1984 | 0.00M | 0.00M |
| 1983 | 0.00M | 0.00M |
| 1982 | 0.00M | 0.00M |
| 1981 | 0.00M |