The research & development by business enterprise, financed by higher education in constant ppp $ in Italy has reached 549.70 million, signifying a 235.99 million (75.2%) increase compared to 2020.
Research & development by business enterprise, financed by higher Education in constant PPP $ in Italy
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Business R&D financed by higher Education in constant PPP $
More indicators for Italy
Non-profit R&D growth rate
0.64%
-0.01%
(2022)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
2,372.94M
-83.30M
(2021)
R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
22,883.16M
-5,358.99M
(2021)
Higher Education R&D women researchers %
42.01%
+0.32%
(2021)
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.95%
-0.08%
(2021)
Higher-education-finacing R&D financed by general university in local currency
41,060.76M
+1,583.99M
(2021)
Italy Business R&D financed by higher Education in constant PPP $ between 1981 and 2021
| Period | Business R&D financed by higher Education in constant PPP $ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 549.70M | +235.99M |
| 2020 | 313.71M | -0.36M |
| 2019 | 314.07M | +27.52M |
| 2018 | 286.55M | +8.98M |
| 2017 | 277.57M | +16.26M |
| 2016 | 261.31M | -326.21M |
| 2015 | 587.52M | -17.13M |
| 2014 | 604.65M | -2.03M |
| 2013 | 606.69M | -8.36M |
| 2012 | 615.04M | +151.93M |
| 2011 | 463.11M | +150.85M |
| 2010 | 312.26M | -174.80M |
| 2009 | 487.06M | +132.90M |
| 2008 | 354.16M | +101.35M |
| 2007 | 252.81M | +118.65M |
| 2006 | 134.16M | +3.45M |
| 2005 | 130.72M | -13.87M |
| 2004 | 144.59M | -20.36M |
| 2003 | 164.95M | +28.84M |
| 2002 | 136.11M | -217.06M |
| 2001 | 353.17M | -21.58M |
| 2000 | 374.75M | +94.64M |
| 1999 | 280.11M | +78.03M |
| 1998 | 202.08M | -194.55M |
| 1997 | 396.63M | +396.63M |
| 1985 | 0.00M | 0.00M |
| 1984 | 0.00M | 0.00M |
| 1983 | 0.00M | 0.00M |
| 1982 | 0.00M | 0.00M |
| 1981 | 0.00M |