The research & development by higher education, total r&d personnel full time equivalent in Italy has reached 89,560, which is a 3,546 (4.1%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by higher education, total R&D personnel full time equivalent in Italy
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Higher Education R&D total R&D personnel FTE
More indicators for Italy
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.95%
-0.08%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
0.64%
-0.01%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
14,853.07M
-5,054.20M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
24.4%
+1.17%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
384,093.77M
+20,561.37M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
2,372.94M
-83.30M
(2021)
Italy Higher Education R&D total R&D personnel FTE between 1981 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D total R&D personnel FTE | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 89,560 | +3,546 |
| 2021 | 86,014 | +3,343 |
| 2020 | 82,671 | -1,105 |
| 2019 | 83,776 | +2,543 |
| 2018 | 81,233 | +875 |
| 2017 | 80,358 | +132 |
| 2016 | 80,226 | +3,368 |
| 2015 | 76,858 | +1,623 |
| 2014 | 75,235 | -1,751 |
| 2013 | 76,986 | +778 |
| 2012 | 76,207 | +2,485 |
| 2011 | 73,723 | +1,424 |
| 2010 | 72,299 | -2,651 |
| 2009 | 74,949 | +2,476 |
| 2008 | 72,474 | +1,411 |
| 2007 | 71,063 | +3,374 |
| 2006 | 67,688 | +713 |
| 2005 | 66,976 | +6,282 |
| 2004 | 60,694 | +1,288 |
| 2003 | 59,406 | -881 |
| 2002 | 60,287 | +1,418 |
| 2001 | 58,869 | +4,032 |
| 2000 | 54,837 | +2,812 |
| 1999 | 52,025 | -827 |
| 1998 | 52,852 | +3,704 |
| 1996 | 49,148 | +721 |
| 1995 | 48,427 | +477 |
| 1994 | 47,950 | +936 |
| 1993 | 47,014 | +485 |
| 1992 | 46,529 | +936 |
| 1991 | 45,593 | +1,281 |
| 1990 | 44,312 | +270 |
| 1989 | 44,042 | +973 |
| 1988 | 43,069 | +126 |
| 1987 | 42,943 | +3,807 |
| 1986 | 39,136 | +2,114 |
| 1985 | 37,022 | +780 |
| 1984 | 36,242 | -3,126 |
| 1983 | 39,368 | +4,377 |
| 1982 | 34,991 | +2,866 |
| 1981 | 32,125 |