In Italy, the research & development by higher education, total in current ppp $ currently stands at 107,206.82 million, reflecting an increase of 6,277.11 million (6.2%) compared to 2021.
Research & development by higher education, total in current PPP $ in Italy
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Higher Education R&D in current PPP $
More indicators for Italy
Government R&D personnel labour costs as percentage of GDP
0.95%
-0.08%
(2021)
Non-profit R&D growth rate
0.64%
-0.01%
(2022)
Business R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
14,853.07M
-5,054.20M
(2021)
Business R&D women researchers %
24.4%
+1.17%
(2021)
R&D costs in current PPP $
384,093.77M
+20,561.37M
(2021)
Government R&D financed by rest of the world in local currency
2,372.94M
-83.30M
(2021)
Italy Higher Education R&D in current PPP $ between 1981 and 2022
| Period | Higher Education R&D in current PPP $ | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2022 | 107,206.82M | +6,277.11M |
| 2021 | 100,929.71M | +9,549.62M |
| 2020 | 91,380.09M | +270.12M |
| 2019 | 91,109.97M | +6,651.90M |
| 2018 | 84,458.06M | +3,161.70M |
| 2017 | 81,296.37M | +1,402.54M |
| 2016 | 79,893.82M | +3,366.82M |
| 2015 | 76,527.00M | -2,104.40M |
| 2014 | 78,631.40M | -1,908.48M |
| 2013 | 80,539.88M | +3,670.01M |
| 2012 | 76,869.87M | +2,146.03M |
| 2011 | 74,723.83M | +1,689.10M |
| 2010 | 73,034.73M | -2,314.16M |
| 2009 | 75,348.89M | +1,515.25M |
| 2008 | 73,833.64M | +5,924.35M |
| 2007 | 67,909.29M | +6,005.90M |
| 2006 | 61,903.39M | +6,804.74M |
| 2005 | 55,098.65M | -3,656.56M |
| 2004 | 58,755.21M | -1,238.71M |
| 2003 | 59,993.93M | +1,802.50M |
| 2002 | 58,191.43M | +4,067.51M |
| 2001 | 54,123.92M | +6,125.68M |
| 2000 | 47,998.24M | +3,017.00M |
| 1999 | 44,981.24M | +29.64M |
| 1998 | 44,951.60M | +3,689.95M |
| 1997 | 41,261.65M | +8,372.29M |
| 1996 | 32,889.36M | +2,647.62M |
| 1995 | 30,241.74M | -412.35M |
| 1994 | 30,654.09M | +193.56M |
| 1993 | 30,460.53M | +2,412.80M |
| 1992 | 28,047.73M | +881.06M |
| 1991 | 27,166.67M | +850.31M |
| 1990 | 26,316.36M | +3,407.42M |
| 1989 | 22,908.94M | +1,288.40M |
| 1988 | 21,620.54M | +2,134.65M |
| 1987 | 19,485.89M | +2,379.72M |
| 1986 | 17,106.17M | +1,361.00M |
| 1985 | 15,745.17M | +2,675.19M |
| 1984 | 13,069.98M | +1,256.54M |
| 1983 | 11,813.43M | +1,526.41M |
| 1982 | 10,287.03M | +1,228.73M |
| 1981 | 9,058.29M |